The Coronavirus disease 2019 spreads via the respiratory droplets of the infected person. The symptoms and the clinical presentation of the disease are similar to the viral pneumonia. The disease outbreak and the subsequent pandemic have posed great challenge to the health care communities and the front line health workers all across the globe. The spike protein of the virus binds to the receptor on the epithelial cell surface called as angiotensin converting enzyme receptor (ACE 2). This receptor has ubiquitous distribution in different organs of the human body and therefore severe form of SARS-CoV-2 infection causes systematic infection that includes kidneys, heart, blood vessels, liver and pancreas. ACE2 are also distributed in small intestine, duodenum and the colon.

Nevertheless, lungs remain the most affected organ due to the COVID-19 infection. As a response to the viral infection the human body produces multiple cytokines and chemokines in a rapid manner that may lead to acute respiratory distress and multiple organ failure. The presence of comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension and renal failure may lead to more severe form of clinical presentation. There is a greater need to understand the tissue pathology associated with COVID-19 infection for better management of the disease and prevention of further complications and alleviation of other risk factors.